Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
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One of the most salient issues that surfaced in this study is the projected medium-term increase in the vulnerability of silo-based ICBMs to attack by precision conventional weapons.
Rather than consolidating Russian society, the conflict in Ukraine has exacerbated existing divisions on a diverse array of issues, including support for the regime. Put another way, the impression that Putin now has the full support of the Russian public is simply incorrect.
Despite their hard-hitting rhetoric, Nigeria’s political leaders have done little to rein in local government corruption and the governance failures it causes.
Despite ambivalence about Chinese intentions in Indonesia’s political and defense establishment, Chinese telecoms firms have successfully used strategies of localization to position themselves as trusted cybersecurity providers to the country.
A high-end real estate development that caters to Chinese entrepreneurs became caught up in divisive Malaysian politics. Chinese investors are learning hard lessons about how to navigate local turf wars and political risks.
While Macron’s pivot has created new political space for France-Africa engagement on more equal footing, the French president’s vision of mutual aid and reciprocal partnerships between France and African countries remains unfulfilled.
In India, biotechnology has played an important role in helping stakeholders in academia, industry, and government develop new pandemic-related technology, from test kits to respiratory devices. But these biotechnology advancements can go further to strengthen India’s public health capacity.
As policymakers look ahead, they must find a way to balance the need for inclusive resilience with the imperative for meaningful reform.
The war in Ukraine has cemented the Russian-Chinese partnership for the foreseeable future. While focusing all of its efforts to the West, the last thing Russia needs is a confrontation with China.
To better understand the various paths by which societies might overcome or reduce political divisions, this working paper examines perniciously polarized countries that have successfully depolarized, at least for a time.