Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
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The military is woven into almost every part of Egypt’s economy. It runs businesses, produces goods, and manages huge infrastructure projects. What are the consequences of involving a country’s armed forces so deeply in its private and public enterprise?
With intensifying international pressure to end hostilities, a brief lull in fighting currently prevails in Gaza. But a formal ceasefire between Israel and Hamas has proven elusive.
Egypt’s chronically weak non-Islamist political parties will be tested in crucial elections in 2014. Here is at look at the major players and the flaws holding them back.
Egypt’s new constitution and referendum are more likely to exacerbate tensions and divisions in the country’s politics than to form part of a democratic transition.
The demonstrations may be larger this time, but Egyptian society is far more divided than it was during the revolution two years ago. It is essential for the transition to be inclusive.
Egypt’s president and military are working together and seem firmly in control. But Morsi’s recent personnel and constitutional moves greatly enhance the presidency’s power.
Egypt’s post-revolutionary environment—and especially its constitutional process—has touched off debates within the country and confusion outside of it regarding the role of the Islamic sharia in the emerging legal and political order.
With Egypt’s transition to democracy in some doubt, the presidential election is hugely important. But without a new constitution in place, a new battle could be looming on the horizon as the president’s powers are likely to be reduced during his term.
Egypt needs to negotiate numerous important issues that will shape the country’s future, especially the relationship between the civilian authorities and the armed forces.
The most challenging part of the change to civilian government in Egypt lies ahead—the country's road to democracy is far from guaranteed.